Microglia: The new players in regulating the brain development

Microglia are the immune cells in the central nervous system and control the brain homeostasis [1]. When microglia find either infected or dead cells in brain, they are activated and ingest debris to maintain the normal brain condition. Although microglia modulate brain environment via macrophage-like aspects, they also play important roles in the developing brain. In the past few years, several researchers found a novel property of microglia that underlie the development of brain. These findings possibly shed light on the novel mechanisms by which the higher brain functions are mediated by microglia.